Numerical investigation of Differential Biological-Models via GA-Kansa Method Inclusive Genetic Strategy

In this paper, we use Kansa method for solving the system of differential equations in the area of biology. One of the challenges in Kansa method is picking out an optimum value for Shape parameter in Radial Basis Function to achieve the best result of the method because there are not any available analytical approaches for obtaining optimum Shape parameter. For this reason, we design a genetic algorithm to detect a close optimum Shape parameter. The experimental results show that this strategy is efficient in the systems of differential models in biology such as HIV and Influenza. Furthermore, we prove that using Pseudo-Combination formula for crossover in genetic strategy leads to convergence in the nearly best selection of Shape parameter.Comment: 42 figures, 23 page

Effects of co-curricular activities on second language learners in higher education

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.İkinci dil öğrenimi çoğu yükseköğretim kurumunda görülmektedir ve dil öğrenmekte olan kişiler tarafından gerçekleştirilen, müfredat dışı aktiviteler olarak da bilinen ders dışı etkinlikler akademik beceri ve tecrübe kazanmada son derece önemli olarak nitelendirilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yükseköğretimde ders dışı etkinliklerin ikinci bir dil öğrenimi üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Sakarya Üniversitesi'nde yapılan bu araştırmada, bahsedilen etkinliklerin dinleme, okuma, konuşma ve yazmadan oluşan temel dil becerileri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu süreci değerlendirmek için Sakarya Üniversitesi'nin İngilizce Öğretmenliği bölümünde ve Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu'nda öğrenim gören toplam 153 kişinin katılımıyla nicel bir araştırma modeli uygulanmıştır. Anket sonuçları T testi, bağıntı testi ve betimleyici istatistik testi gibi testler uygulanalarak analiz edilmiştir. Anket, dinleme, yazma, konuşma ve okumadan meydana gelen dört ana bölümün birleştirilmesiyle oluşturulmuştur ve bu bölümlerle ilgili olarak 34 değişken ve 19 alt beceri bulunmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmanın sonuçları aktiviteler ile beceriler arasında belirgin bir ilişkinin var olduğunu göstermiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İkinci Dil Öğrenimi, Ders Dışı Etkinlikler, YükseköğretimSecond language learning (L2) is seen in most of the higher education institutions and co-curricular activities as the outside-classroom activities performed and practiced by students or learners are considered extremely important for developing academic skills and experiences of the students. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of co-curricular activities on second language learners in higher education. This research measures out the influence of these activities on four mail language skills: listening, reading, speaking and writing in Sakarya University. To evaluate this process, a quantitative research model was conducted with the participation of 153 student of Sakarya University both from department of English Language Teaching and School of Foreign Languages. The survey result was analysed applying T-test, correlation test and descriptive statistics test. The survey was combined of four main sections: listening, writing, speaking and reading and there were 34 quantifiers in the questionnaire plus 19 sub skill belonging to four mentioned main skills, listening, reading, speaking and writing. The outcome of the study shows that there were significant relationships between activities and the skills. Keywords: Second Language Learning, Co-Curricular Activities, Higher Educatio

A history of the development of the Tri-State Farmers\u27 Association Market in Tazewell, Tennessee, 1974-1980

The purpose of this historical case study were to: (1) record and document the history, planning, project proposal, funding, staffing and first year of operation of the Tri-State Farmers\u27 Association Retail Market (FARM); and (2) identify the procedure used in success-fully starting the Tri-State Farmers\u27 Association Retail Market in Claiborne County, Tennessee. The data and information were obtained from a panel of experts regarding the Market, from survey information from buyers and producers, and operational data from the Market packing shed records. The surveys were done by preparing three different mail-type questionnaires to collect appropriate information from three different groups, namely: (1) a panel of five knowledgeable people who had been involved with the Market; (2) fifteen vegetable producers who had marketed through the Market in 1980; and (3) four retailers and whole-salers who had purchased produce through the Market in 1980. With regard to the major findings, the following steps were identified which appeared to have led to the Market\u27s development: 1. Development of a market proposal by a college professor made to TVA in 1974. 2. Adoption of the idea for the Market by the revised Claiborne County Resource Development Committee in 1975. 3. Involvement of TVA through provision of some fertilizers, seeds, and other assistance following establishment of the Market. 4. Involvement of AMP in a Food Fair (i.e., tailgate market) at Harrogate in 1977. 5. Functioning of various individuals as Market managers (e.g., the County Extension Agent in 1977 and a CETA worker in 1978). 6. Incorporation of FARM in 1979 to handle the Market. 7. Contributions of representatives of RDC, ETDD, and UT Extension Agricultural Economics and Resource Development staffs in helping write the HUD project proposal in 1979-1980. 8. The approval of the FARM project proposal for federal grant by the state clearinghouse and ETDD in 1980. 9. The approval of the FARM project proposal for two-year funding under the HUD Neighborhood Self-Help Development program in 1980. 10. The establishment of a permanent packing house on land donated by the Jaycees at Claiborne County fairgrounds in Tazewell in 1980. 11. Employment of a Market manager to run the Market and handle other services in 1980. 12. Installation of packing shed machinery and equipment (i.e.,grader, washer, cooler, load lift and truck) in 1980. Other key factors include: 1. Tomatoes and zucchini squash were the main crops marketed from the beginning. 2. Major services provided by the Market for producers in 1980 were packing, grading, marketing, washing, and farm visits. 3. Most producers were Satisfied with services provided in 1980. 4. Most buyers were Satisfied with produce purchased in 1980 and suggested needed improvements in packing and market supply. 5. Recommendation for use of findings and further research also were included